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Pengaruh Terapi Bermain Puzzle terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Pada Anak Usia Prasekolah yang Mengalami Hospitalisasi
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ABSTRACT
Hospitalization in young children can induce anxiety, potentially impacting emotional development. Puzzle play therapy may offer a non-pharmacological approach to alleviate hospital-related anxiety. To evaluate the effectiveness of puzzle play therapy in reducing anxiety among hospitalized preschool children. A pre-experimental design using one-group pretest-posttest was conducted in the pediatric ward of RSU Pekerja Jakarta Utara. Thirty-two children aged 3–6 years were recruited. Anxiety levels were assessed using a modified version of the SCAS scale. Data analysis utilized the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The mean anxiety score significantly decreased from 25.28 pre-intervention to 19.19 post-intervention (p < 0.001), indicating a positive effect of the therapy. Conclusion: Puzzle play therapy effectively reduces anxiety in hospitalized preschool-aged children and can be integrated into pediatric nursing care.
Keywords: Play Therapy, Puzzle, Anxiety, Preschool, Hospitalization
ABSTRAK
Hospitalisasi dapat menjadi pengalaman traumatis bagi anak usia prasekolah yang sedang mengalami proses adaptasi perkembangan emosional. Salah satu dampak psikologis yang umum terjadi adalah kecemasan. Terapi bermain seperti puzzle telah terbukti mampu menurunkan kecemasan melalui mekanisme distraksi dan ekspresi emosi. Mengetahui pengaruh terapi bermain puzzle terhadap tingkat kecemasan pada anak usia prasekolah yang menjalani hospitalisasi. Desain penelitian pra-eksperimen dengan pendekatan one group pretest-posttest dilakukan terhadap 32 anak usia 3–6 tahun di Ruang Anggrek RSU Pekerja Jakarta Utara. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner modifikasi dari SCAS (Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale). Analisis data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon karena data berdistribusi tidak normal. Terdapat penurunan bermakna pada tingkat kecemasan anak, dari rerata 25,28 sebelum intervensi menjadi 19,19 setelah intervensi (p = 0,000). Terapi bermain puzzle terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan kecemasan pada anak prasekolah yang dirawat di rumah sakit.
Kata Kunci: Terapi Bermain, Puzzle, Kecemasan, Anak Prasekolah, Hospitalisasi
Kata Kunci
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mnj.v7i8.21570
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