Si Peduli TBC Komunitas sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Deteksi Dini Tuberculosis Paru

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ABSTRAK

Tuberkulosis (TBC) masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat utama di Indonesia. Upaya pengendalian TBC masih menjadi perhatian nasional yang serius melalui strategi TOSS TBC (Temukan, Obati Sampai Sembuh) yang menekankan deteksi dini, kepatuhan pengobatan, serta keterlibatan Masyarakat. Berbagai kendala masih dihadapi antara lain rendahnya literasi kesehatan masyarakat, stigma terhadap penderita, serta keterbatasan tenaga kesehatan dalam menemukan kasus secara aktif. Puskesmas Janti sebagai fasilitas kesehatan tingkat pertama berperan penting dalam menemukan kasus TBC secara aktif. Namun, capaian deteksi dini masih terkendala karena adanya ketakutan, stigma, maupun kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat terkait gejala TBC. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk menganalisa adakah pengaruh pemberian pelatihan Si Peduli TBC Komunitas terhadap kemampuan deteksi dini TBC Paru. Metode pelaksanaan dengan Pendekatan Peer Education, Blended Education dan Kolaborasi Lintas Sektor, Pendampingan penelusuran dan pembuatan konten edukasi & kampanye ajakan skrining melalui media sosial. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 15-31 Agustus 2025 yang melibatkan tokoh masyarakat, keluarga, dan organisasi lokal. Jumlah peserta ada 19 orang dari 3 keluharan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Janti, yaitu Bandungrejosari, Sukun, dan Tanjungrejo. Melalui uji Wilcoxon diketahui hasil kegiatan terdapat 19 orang yang mengalami peningkatan kemampuan deteksi dini TBC setelah diberikan intervensi Pelatihan Si Peduli TBC Komunitas. Nilai asymp.sig. (2-tailed) yaitu sebesar 0,000, dimana nilai ini lebih kecil dari nilai alpha yaitu 5% (0,05), sehingga dapat diartikan bahwa terdapat perbedaan antara sebelum dan sesudah pemberian intervensi Pelatihan "Si Peduli TBC Komunitas terhadap Kemampuan Deteksi Dini. Peningkatan kemampuan peserta dalam membuat dan menyebarkan media edukasi melalui berbagai platform digital memperkuat peran komunitas dalam menurunkan stigma sekaligus mendorong deteksi dini TBC paru di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Janti Kota Malang.

Kata Kunci: Tuberkulosis Paru, Deteksi Dini, Pelatihan Si Peduli TBC Komunitas, Stigma TBC Paru, Literasi Digital

ABSTRACT

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Indonesia. TB control efforts remain a serious national concern through the TOSS TB (Temukan, Obati Sampai Sembuh) strategy, which emphasizes early detection, treatment adherence, and community involvement. Various obstacles are still faced, including low public health literacy, stigma against sufferers, and limited health workers in actively finding cases. Janti Community Health Center, as a first-level health facility, plays an important role in actively finding TB cases. However, the achievement of early detection is still hampered by fear, stigma, and a lack of public understanding regarding TB symptoms. The purpose of this community service is to analyze the effect of providing "Si Peduli TB Komunitas" training on the ability to detect pulmonary TB early. The implementation method uses a Peer Education Approach, Blended Education and Cross-Sector Collaboration, tracing assistance and creating educational content & screening campaigns through social media. This activity was carried out on August 15-31, 2025, involving community leaders, families, and local organizations. The number of participants was 19 people from 3 sub-districts in the Janti Health Center working area, namely Bandungrejosari, Sukun, and Tanjungrejo. Through the Wilcoxon test, it was found that the results of the activity were 19 people who experienced an increase in the ability to detect TB early after being given the Community TB Care Training intervention. The asymp.sig. (2-tailed) value is 0.000, where this value is smaller than the alpha value of 5% (0.05), so it can be interpreted that there is a difference between before and after the provision of the Community TB Care Training intervention on Early Detection Ability. Increasing the ability of participants in creating and disseminating educational media through various digital platforms strengthens the role of the community in reducing stigma while encouraging early detection of pulmonary TB in the working area of the Janti Health Center in Malang City.

Keywords: Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Early Detection, Community TB Care Training, Pulmonary TB Stigma, Digital Literacy