Menumbuhkan Literasi Tuberkulosis melalui Simak Ya (Sinergi Mahasiwa Keperawatan dan Kader Berdaya) Metode Ketuk Pintu di Kelurahan Dira Tana Kabupaten Sumba Barat NTT

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ABSTRAK

Tuberkulosis (TBC) merupakan salah satu penyakit menular yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan global, termasuk di Indonesia. Tahun 2023 di Puskesmas Weekaro menyumbang kasus TBC sebanyak 57 kasus, Kelurahan Dira tana masuk dalam 3 besar kasus TBC terbanyak dan terdapat kasus Putus Obat. Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat "SiMaK Ya" (Sinergi Mahasiswa Keperawatan dan Kader Berdaya) dilaksanakan bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan literasi TBC di Masyarakat Kelurahan Dira Tana, sehingga mampu melakukan pencegahan maupun runtin dalam pengobatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pelatihan dan edukasi kepada Mahasiswa, Kader Kesehatan, PMO, dan Perangkat Desa mengenai pencegahan TBC dan pengobatan TBC, yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan simulasi edukasi oleh peserta kepada masyarakat Kelurahan Dira Tana melalui metode ketuk pintu yang didampingi oleh Koordinator TB Puskesmas. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat menunjukkan bahwa dari total 25 Peserta, meliputi 20 mahasiswa, 1 orang Kader, 2 orang PMO, 2 orang Perangkat Desa, adanya peningkatan pengetahuan 28% berada dalam kategori pengetahuan baik, 52% berada dalam kategori cukup, dan 20% berada dalam kategori kurang pada pre-test. Namun, pada hasil post-test, pengetahuan kategori baik meningkat sebesar 100%. Peran aktif Kerjasama antara mahasiswa, kader Kesehatan dan PMO dapat meningkatkan kesadaran dan pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai pencegahan dan kepatuhan pengobatan TBC. Dukungan dari pihak Desa dan tenaga medis sangat penting untuk keberhasilan program ini. Evaluasi berkala diperlukan untuk memastikan keberlanjutan dan efektivitas program diharapkan berkontribusi dalam penurunan jumlah kasus TBC.

Kata Kunci: Kader, Literasi, Pencegahan, Pengobatan, Pelatihan, TBC

ABSTRACT

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most serious infectious diseases and continues to be a global public health concern, including in Indonesia. In 2023, the Weekaro Public Health Center (Puskesmas Weekaro) reported 57 TB cases, with Dira Tana Village ranking among the top three areas with the highest number of cases, including instances of treatment interruption. The community service program "SiMaK Ya" (Synergy of Nursing Students and Empowered Health Cadres) was implemented with the aim of enhancing TB literacy among the residents of Dira Tana Village, thereby empowering them to engage in both prevention and consistent treatment of TB. The method applied involved training and educational sessions provided to nursing students, health cadres, TB treatment supervisors (PMOs), and local government officials on TB prevention and treatment strategies. This was followed by a door-to-door health education simulation conducted by the participants, supervised by the TB program coordinator from the Puskesmas. The results of the community service indicated that among the 25 participants, which included 20 students, 1 health cadre, 2 PMOs, and 2 village officials, there was a significant improvement in knowledge levels. Prior to the intervention (pre-test), 28% demonstrated good knowledge, 52% had moderate knowledge, and 20% were in the poor knowledge category. However, post-intervention (post-test) results showed that 100% of participants had achieved a good level of knowledge. The active collaboration between students, health cadres, and PMOs significantly contributed to raising community awareness and understanding of TB prevention and treatment adherence. Support from local authorities and healthcare professionals was crucial to the program’s success. Regular evaluations are essential to ensure the sustainability and effectiveness of the program, which is expected to contribute to the reduction of TB cases in the area.

Keywords: Health Cadre, Literacy, Prevention, Adherence, Training, Tuberculosis