Analisis Pengaruh Polimorfisme Gen Dalam Risiko Dan Progresivitas Gagal Ginjal Kronik (CKD) Pada Anak: Literature Review

Andri Yansyah, Safira Putri Famita, Najya Kayana Ramadhani, Salsabila Endah Resiyfa, Liya Agustin Umar

Sari


Penyakit ginjal kronis, termasuk gagal ginjal kronis, telah menjadi masalah kesehatan yang semakin mendapat perhatian karena prevalensinya yang semakin meningkat dan memberikan dampak yang serius khususnya pada anak-anak. Salah satu faktor yang dikaitkan dengan gagal ginjal kronis adalah faktor genetik yang mempengaruhi kerentanan dan progresivitas gagal ginjal kronis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui secara mendalam mengenai pengaruh polimorfisme genetik terhadap risiko dan progresivitas gagal ginjal kronik. Adapun untuk penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan dengan metode kajian pustaka yang dilakukan terhadap beberapa studi ilmiah terkait peran polimorfisme genetik tertentu dengan terjadinya serta perkembangan gagal ginjal kronik pada populasi anak-anak. Dari penelitian ini mengindikasikan adanya beberapa gen seperti, delesi gen GSTM1, polimorfisme gen VDR, ACE, dan APOL1 berkontribusi terhadap gagal ginjal kronik. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa analisis polimorfisme genetik berpotensi menjadi biomarker yang signifikan dalam skrining risiko serta penatalaksanaan penyakit ginjal kronis. Sebagai penutup, diperlukan penelitian lanjutan untuk pemahaman lebih baik tentang kontribusi genetik terhadap risiko dan perkembangan gagal ginjal kronik sehingga memudahkan identifikasi pada populasi dengan risiko tinggi.


Kata Kunci


Polimorfisme Gen; Genetik; Gagal Ginjal Kronik; Anak

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jikk.v12i10.21182

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