Relationship Between Knowledge Level And Nutritional Status With Anemia Incidence In Pregnant Women

Anemia merupakan kondisi menurunnya kadar hemoglobin, hematokrit, dan jumlah eritrosit di bawah nilai normal. Menurut World Health Organization (WHO), 20% dari 515.000 kematian ibu di seluruh dunia disebabkan oleh anemia. Ibu hamil dengan anemia yang mengalami anemia di Puskesmas Gedung Menheng pada tahun 2022 sebanyak 43 dari 210 ibu hamil. Angka tersebut mengalami peningkatan jika dibandingkan dengan persentase anemia pada ibu hamil pada tahun sebelumnya, yakni tahun 2021 yang hanya sebanyak 38 dari 198 ibu hamil.Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan status gizi dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Gedung Meneng Kabupaten Tulang Bawang Tahun 2023. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil bulan Juli di Puskesmas Gedung Meneng Kabupaten Tulang Bawang sebanyak 42 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling Analisis Univariat dan Bivariat dengan uji Chi Square.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar responden yang mengalami anemia tidak mengalami anemia yaitu 16 orang (53,3%), pengetahuan sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan kurang 15 orang (50%), status gizi sebagian besar responden baik yaitu 16 responden (53,3%). Ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil, diperoleh nilai p sebesar 0,001 (<0,05) OR 26.000 Ada hubungan antara status gizi dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil, diperoleh nilai p sebesar 0,000 (<0,05). OR yang diperoleh 42.000. Disarankan bagi ibu hamil untuk mencegah anemia dengan cara mengonsumsi makanan yang mengandung zat besi seperti ikan, telur, daging, bayam, tomat, tahu/tempe, kacang merah, dan lain-lain serta mengonsumsi tablet Fe

Kata Kunci: Anemia, Pengetahuan, Status Gizi, Ibu Hamil

ABSTRACT

Anemia is a condition of decreased hemoglobin, hematocrit and erythrocyte count below normal values. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 20% of the 515,000 maternal deaths worldwide are caused by anemia. Pregnant women with anemia who experienced anemia at the Gedung Menheng Health Center in 2022 were 43 out of 210 pregnant women. This figure has increased when compared to the percentage of anemia in pregnant women in the previous year, namely 2021, which was only 38 out of 198 pregnant women. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and nutritional status with the incidence of anemia in pregnant women at the Gedung Meneng Health Center, Tulang Bawang Regency in 2023.

The type of research used was analytical research with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were pregnant women in July at the Gedung Meneng Health Center, Tulang Bawang Regency, as many as 42 people. The sample in this study was 30. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling Univariate and Bivariate Analysis with the Chi Square test.

The results of the study showed that most of the respondents who experienced anemia did not experience anemia, namely 16 people (53.3%), the knowledge of most respondents had insufficient knowledge 15 people (50%), the nutritional status of most respondents was good, namely 16 respondents (53.3%). There is a relationship between knowledge and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women, obtained a p.value of 0.001 (<0.05) OR 26,000 There is a relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women, obtained a p.value of 0.000 (<0.05). OR obtained 42,000. It is recommended for pregnant women to prevent anemia by eating foods containing iron such as fish, eggs, meat, spinach, tomatoes, tofu/tempeh, red beans, and others and consuming Fe tablets

Keywords: Anemia, Knowledge, Nutritional Status, Pregnant Women